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The universe is a big place, and tracking down some of the more interesting parts of it is tricky. Some of the most interesting parts of it, at least from a physics perspective, are merging black holes, so scientists spend a lot of time trying to track those down. One of the most recent attempts to do so was published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) collaboration. While they didn’t find any clear-cut evidence of continuous gravitational waves from merging black hole systems, they did manage to point out plenty of false alarms, and even disprove some myths about ones we thought actually existed.

Eclipse season is nigh. The first of two eclipse seasons for 2026 kicks off next week on Tuesday, February 17th, with an annular solar eclipse. And while solar eclipses often inspire viewers to journey to the ends of the Earth in order to stand in the shadow of the Moon, this one occurs over a truly remote stretch of the world, in Antarctica.

A dazzling new Hubble image peels back the layers of the mysterious Egg Nebula, a rare and fleeting phase in a Sun-like star’s death just 1,000 light-years away. Hidden inside a dense cocoon of dust, the dying star blasts twin beams of light through a polar opening, carving glowing lobes and delicate ripples into the surrounding cloud. These striking, symmetrical arcs hint that unseen companion stars may be shaping the spectacle from within.

As data keeps exploding worldwide, scientists are racing to pack more information into smaller and smaller spaces — and a team at the University of Stuttgart may have just unlocked a powerful new trick. By slightly twisting ultra-thin layers of a magnetic material called chromium iodide, researchers created an entirely new magnetic state that hosts tiny, stable structures known as skyrmions — some of the smallest and toughest information carriers ever observed.

As data keeps exploding worldwide, scientists are racing to pack more information into smaller and smaller spaces — and a team at the University of Stuttgart may have just unlocked a powerful new trick. By slightly twisting ultra-thin layers of a magnetic material called chromium iodide, researchers created an entirely new magnetic state that hosts tiny, stable structures known as skyrmions — some of the smallest and toughest information carriers ever observed.

Immune cells in the brain that go rogue contribute to the death of neurons, so getting rid of them may slow the progression of neurodegenerative conditions like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Ancient trees hold secrets about the most violent storms our Sun has ever unleashed, catastrophic bursts of radiation that dwarf anything modern civilisation has experienced. Scientists have discovered radioactive carbon signatures frozen in tree rings from solar storms so powerful they could cripple our satellite networks and power grids today.

"Vaccines are radioactive now."

The post The FDA:  Promoting Quack Nostrums Based on “Incredible Stories” While Rejecting Vaccines Despite Successful RCTs first appeared on Science-Based Medicine.

A growing body of psychological research shows that the best relationships – romantic or otherwise – come with a feeling of personal growth. Columnist David Robson explores the evidence-backed ways to broaden our horizons and connect more deeply with our loves, our friends and ourselves

Scientists at HKUST have unveiled a major leap forward in calcium-ion battery technology, potentially opening the door to safer, more sustainable energy storage for everything from renewable power grids to electric vehicles. By designing a novel quasi-solid-state electrolyte made from redox-active covalent organic frameworks, the team solved long-standing issues that have held calcium batteries back—namely poor ion transport and limited stability.

Dust from asteroid Bennu is revealing a surprising origin story for life’s building blocks. New research suggests some amino acids formed in frozen ice exposed to radiation, not warm liquid water as scientists long believed. Isotopic clues show Bennu’s chemistry differs sharply from well-studied meteorites, pointing to multiple pathways for creating life’s ingredients.

Scientists have uncovered evidence of a massive underground lava tube hidden beneath the surface of Venus, revealing a new layer of the planet’s volcanic history. By reexamining radar data from NASA’s Magellan spacecraft, researchers identified what appears to be a huge empty conduit near the volcanic region Nyx Mons. The structure could be nearly a kilometer wide and extend for dozens of kilometers below the surface.

Every so often (in geologic time) Earth's magnetic field does a flip. The north and south magnetic poles gradually trade places in a phenomenon called a geomagnetic reversal. Scientists long thought this happened every ten thousand years or so. However, new evidence from deep ocean cores show that at least two ancient reversals didn't follow that script. One took about 18,000 years to flip and the other took 70,000 years. Such lengthy time lapses could have seriously affected Earth's atmospheric chemistry, climate, and evolution of life forms during the Eocene period of geologic history.

In a new study, researchers say that non-biological sources they considered could not fully account for the abundance of organic compounds in a sample collected on Mars by NASA’s Curiosity rover.

Several years ago, an automated sky survey spotted a distant supermassive black hole that tore apart a star. The star that got too close, and the resulting tidal disruption event released a lot of energy. But the SMBH is exhibiting a strong case of cosmic indigestion, and has been burping out the remains of the star for four years. And it keeps getting brighter and brighter.

Life may have begun when RNA molecules began to replicate themselves, and now we’ve finally found an RNA molecule that is very close to being able to do this

The planets around a nearby star seem to be in the wrong order, hinting that they formed through a different mechanism than the familiar one by which most systems grow

Yep, here I go again pointing out the decline in the quality of rock and pop music. But this time I’m joined by the music maven Rick Beato, who has always had the same opinion.  In this video he compares music from 1984 vs. 2026, juxtaposing the Grammy nominees for Song of the Year from both years. Save for one song, he finds the 2026 nominees lame, so there’s no contest. Music, he argues implictly, has gone downhill in the past four decades.

I’ll list the nominees and make some comments below. The winner for both years is is at the top. My own comments are flush left.

1984

Song of the Year

• “Every Breath You Take” – The Police
  • Sting (songwriter)
• “All Night Long (All Night)” – Lionel Richie
  • Lionel Richie (songwriter)
• “Beat It” – Michael Jackson
  • Michael Jackson (songwriter)
• “Billie Jean” – Michael Jackson
  • Michael Jackson (songwriter)
• “Maniac” – Michael Sembello
  • Michael Sembello & Dennis Matkosky (songwriters)

Had I voted, there would be no hesitation in my dubbing “Billie Jean” as Song of the Year, but all of these songs, as Beato agrees, are good and memorable. They will last, and will still be popular years from now (they’re still listened to 42 years later!).

*******************

2026 (winner was announced on Feb. 1)

Song of the Year

• “Wildflower“
  • Billie Eilish O’Connell & Finneas O’Connell, songwriters (Billie Eilish)
• “Abracadabra”
  • Henry Walter, Lady Gaga & Andrew Watt, songwriters (Lady Gaga)
• “Anxiety”
  • Jaylah Hickmon, songwriter (Doechii)
• “APT.”
  • Amy Allen, Christopher Brody Brown, Rogét Chahayed, Henry Walter, Omer Fedi, Philip Lawrence, Bruno Mars, Chae Young Park & Theron Thomas, songwriters (Rosé & Bruno Mars)
• “DTMF”
  • Benito Antonio Martínez Ocasio, Scott Dittrich, Benjamin Falik, Roberto José Rosado Torres, Marco Daniel Borrero, Hugo René Sención Sanabria & Tyler Spry, songwriters (Bad Bunny)
• “Golden” (from KPop Demon Hunters)
  • Park Hong Jun, Joong Gyu Kwak, Yu Han Lee, Hee Dong Nam, Jeong Hoon Seo, Ejae & Mark Sonnenblick, songwriters (Huntrix: Ejae, Audrey Nuna & Rei Ami)
• “Luther”
  • Jack Antonoff, Roshwita Larisha Bacha, Matthew Bernard, Ink, Scott Bridgeway, Sam Dew, Kendrick Lamar, Mark Anthony Spears, Solána Rowe & Kamasi Washington, songwriters (Kendrick Lamar and SZA)
• “Manchild”
  • Amy Allen, Jack Antonoff & Sabrina Carpenter, songwriters (Sabrina Carpenter)

Beato finds “Wildflower” the best for this year; it is, he says, a “great song”. (This is Eilish’s tenth Grammy.)  While I don’t think it’s great, it is very good, and miles above all the other nominees. And it won. I’ll put it below. He simply dismisses the other seven songs, though a few have some merit, like being “well produced.”

The reasons Beato finds this year’s songs worse are that they are in general lame, derivative, often include many songwriters (too many writers spoil the song), and sometimes include sampling from older songs.

In contrast, only one of the 1984 songs has more than one writer, and all include the singer as a composer.  (Note that one is by Bad Bunny, and Beato can’t understand the words!)  Beato’s takeaway is that nobody will remember songs written by so many people, and nobody will remember these latest songs more than three years from now.

Beato:

Here is “Wildflower,” live with Billie Eilish (the official release is here, and the lyrics are here). The only accompaniments are a guitar, bass, two sets of drums, and three backup singers.

The activity of certain neurons may influence our endurance for exercise, and these could be targeted to help us run faster for longer

There’s an potpourri of Darwin-related material at the Friends of Darwin Newsletter website, especially extensive because today is Darwin Day.  Click below to read it; it discusses pollination (Athayde’s favorite topic), recommends two new books, and has a bunch of evolution-related links. I’ll put those below the screenshot. Today’s newsletter was written by Richard Carter.

The “missing links” (indents are quotes from article)

Some Darwin-related articles you might find of interest:

1. The importance of Charles Darwin’s documentary archive has been recognised by its inclusion on the UNESCO International Memory of the World Register. The Darwin Archive comprises documents held at Cambridge University Library, the Natural History Museum in London, the Linnean Society of London, Darwin’s former home at Down House in Kent, the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, and the National Library of Scotland.
2. Podcast episode: The History of Revolutionary Ideas: Darwin.
   David Runciman talks to geneticist and science writer Adam Rutherford about the book that fundamentally altered our understanding of just about everything: Darwin’s On The Origin of Species.
3. Video: Darwin’s unexpected final obsession with earthworms.
4. Darwin Online has published Charles Darwin’s address book. Here’s their introduction, and here’s the address book.
5. The University of Edinburgh recently completed a five-year programme to catalogue, preserve, and enhance access to the Charles Lyell Collection. Geologist Lyell was a close friend of Darwin, and major influence on his work. Here’s the collection’s snazzy new website.
6. Leonard Jenyns on the variation of species and Charles Darwin on the origin of species 1844–1860
   At the 1856 meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Rev. Leonard Jenyns (1800−1893) delivered one of the most significant statements on the nature and the origin of species in the years immediately preceding Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species. Jenyns was a long-standing friend of Darwin and had turned down the place aboard HMS Beagle subsequently taken by Darwin.
7. The November 2025 issue of the journal Paleobiology contained a collection of papers exploring Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould’s 1972 paper on punctuated equilibria, in which they argued that species don’t always evolve through slow, steady change. Instead, the fossil record shows long periods in which species remain remarkably stable, interrupted by relatively brief bursts of evolutionary innovation linked to the origin of new species. The Paleobiology papers include a retrospective review of the importance of the idea of punctuated equilibria, and Niles Eldredge’s personal reflections.
8. Talking of brief evolutionary bursts, a recent paper finds that most living species derived from large groups which evolved in relatively short periods of time; or, as they put it, rapid radiations underlie most of the known diversity of life.
9. Talking even more of evolutionary bursts, another recent study suggests changes in solar energy fuelled high speed evolutionary changes 500-million years ago. (See also the original journal paper Orbitally‐driven nutrient pulses linked to early Cambrian periodic oxygenation and animal radiation.)
10. The case for subspecies—the neglected unit of conservation
    To lump or to split? Deciding whether an animal is a species or subspecies profoundly influences our conservation priorities. (See also my old post Lumpers v Splitters.)
11. Sexual selection in beetles leads to more rapid evolution of new species, long-term experiments show
    40 years of experiments following 200 generations of beetles show the importance of sexual selection in the emergence of new species. (See also the original journal paper: The effects of sexual selection on functional and molecular reproductive divergence during experimental evolution in seed beetles.)
12. Why did life evolve to be so colourful? Research is starting to give us some answers
    If evolution had taken a different turn, nature would be missing some colours.
13. Some of the biggest fossils Darwin sent home from the Beagle voyage were those of extinct giant ground sloths, Megatherium and Mylodon. Scientists have figured out how extinct giant ground sloths got so big and where it all went wrong.
14. Large brains and manual dexterity are both thought to have played an important role in human evolution. A new study has found that primates with longer thumbs tend to have bigger brains, suggesting the brain co-evolved with manual dexterity. (See also the original journal paper Human dexterity and brains evolved hand in hand.)
15. Thumbs and brains are all well and good, but paleoanthropologist John Hawks explores another human characteristic that remains an enduring evolutionary enigma: what the heck are chins for?

I haven’t looked at them all, but I did look at two related to my own field—speciation. I like article #10, called “In praise of subspecies,” which explains what subspecies are (they’re called “races” of plants and animals by many biologists), and  tells us how recognizing them will reduce the number of species. (This won’t satisfy all biologists, for many disagree with me that modern humans and Neanderthals are subspecies, not distinct species.) But I disagree with the author, Richard Smyth, who thinks that all subspecies should be units of conservation. That is, genetically and morphologically different populations of a species should all be conserved if they are considered “endangered”.  One should do that when possible, of course, but I feel the unit of conservation—the thing that must be saved, is the biological species. But Smyth gives a good summary of what subspecies are.

Biologists have long thought (and Allen Orr and I have a chapter on this in our book Speciation) that sexual selection promotes speciation by driving isolated populations in different directions, eventually leading to some of them becoming reproductively incompatible, through either unwillingness to mate or creating problems in hybrids. The experiments described in #11 are interesting, and show more divergence in populations of beetles that are subject to sexual selection than in those constrained to be monogamous, but they don’t show the advent of reproductive barriers between populations. They do, however, show more divergence in the sexually-selected population, which is posited to be the first step in speciation.

Remember, Darwin’s greatest book was called On the Origin of Species (a shortened title).  Yet he didn’t help us understand species very much, as he had no concept of species being groups separated by reproductive barriers. It wasn’t until the 1930s that biologists began to understand how new species originated when they realized that the key to understanding the “lumpiness” of nature—distinct species in one area—was figuring out how those groups could coexist, and that meant understanding how reproductive barriers arise. Darwin’s book would have been more appropriately titled On the Origin of Adaptations.

And that is my pronouncement for Darwin Day. I do recommend reading the first chapter of Speciation, but if you’re not an evolutionary biologist you can forget about the rest, which becomes technical at times.

xh/t: Athayde