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A chip-scale Titanium-sapphire laser

Computers and Math from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:21pm
With a single leap from tabletop to the microscale, engineers have produced the world's first practical Titanium-sapphire laser on a chip, democratizing a once-exclusive technology.
Categories: Science

A chip-scale Titanium-sapphire laser

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:21pm
With a single leap from tabletop to the microscale, engineers have produced the world's first practical Titanium-sapphire laser on a chip, democratizing a once-exclusive technology.
Categories: Science

Precision instrument bolsters efforts to find elusive dark energy

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:21pm
Dark energy -- a mysterious force pushing the universe apart at an ever-increasing rate -- was discovered 26 years ago, and ever since, scientists have been searching for a new and exotic particle causing the expansion. Physicists combined an optical lattice with an atom interferometer to hold atoms in place for up to 70 seconds -- a record for an atom interferometer -- allowing them to more precisely test for deviations from the accepted theory of gravity that could be caused by dark energy particles such as chameleons or symmetrons. Though they detected no anomalies, they're improving the experiment to perform more sensitive tests of gravity, including whether gravity is quantized.
Categories: Science

Precision instrument bolsters efforts to find elusive dark energy

Space and time from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:21pm
Dark energy -- a mysterious force pushing the universe apart at an ever-increasing rate -- was discovered 26 years ago, and ever since, scientists have been searching for a new and exotic particle causing the expansion. Physicists combined an optical lattice with an atom interferometer to hold atoms in place for up to 70 seconds -- a record for an atom interferometer -- allowing them to more precisely test for deviations from the accepted theory of gravity that could be caused by dark energy particles such as chameleons or symmetrons. Though they detected no anomalies, they're improving the experiment to perform more sensitive tests of gravity, including whether gravity is quantized.
Categories: Science

New tool enables faster, more cost-effective genome editing of traits to improve agriculture sustainability

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:21pm
New research had the goal of reducing the time and cost it takes to bring an improved crop to the marketplace to improve agriculture sustainability.
Categories: Science

Microrobot-packed pill shows promise for treating inflammatory bowel disease in mice

Computers and Math from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:21pm
Engineers have developed a pill that releases microscopic robots, or microrobots, into the colon to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The experimental treatment, given orally, has shown success in mice. It significantly reduced IBD symptoms and promoted the healing of damaged colon tissue without causing toxic side effects.
Categories: Science

Microrobot-packed pill shows promise for treating inflammatory bowel disease in mice

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:21pm
Engineers have developed a pill that releases microscopic robots, or microrobots, into the colon to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The experimental treatment, given orally, has shown success in mice. It significantly reduced IBD symptoms and promoted the healing of damaged colon tissue without causing toxic side effects.
Categories: Science

AI generated exam answers go undetected in real-world blind test

Computers and Math from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:21pm
Experienced exam markers may struggle to spot answers generated by Artificial Intelligence (AI), researchers have found.
Categories: Science

Mechanical computer relies on kirigami cubes, not electronics

Computers and Math from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:21pm
Researchers have developed a kirigami-inspired mechanical computer that uses a complex structure of rigid, interconnected polymer cubes to store, retrieve and erase data without relying on electronic components. The system also includes a reversible feature that allows users to control when data editing is permitted and when data should be locked in place.
Categories: Science

Mechanical computer relies on kirigami cubes, not electronics

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:21pm
Researchers have developed a kirigami-inspired mechanical computer that uses a complex structure of rigid, interconnected polymer cubes to store, retrieve and erase data without relying on electronic components. The system also includes a reversible feature that allows users to control when data editing is permitted and when data should be locked in place.
Categories: Science

Shocked quartz reveals evidence of historical cosmic airburst

Space and time from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:20pm
Researchers continue to expand the case for the Younger Dryas Impact hypothesis. The idea proposes that a fragmented comet smashed into the Earth's atmosphere 12,800 years ago, causing a widespread climatic shift that, among other things, led to the abrupt reversal of the Earth's warming trend and into an anomalous near-glacial period called the Younger Dryas.
Categories: Science

Pillars of creation star in new visualization from NASA's Hubble and Webb telescopes

Space and time from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:20pm
Made famous in 1995 by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, the Pillars of Creation in the heart of the Eagle Nebula have captured imaginations worldwide with their arresting, ethereal beauty. Now, NASA has released a new 3D visualization of these towering celestial structures using data from NASA's Hubble and James Webb space telescopes. This is the most comprehensive and detailed multiwavelength movie yet of these star-birthing clouds.
Categories: Science

Predicting changes inside astronauts' bodies during space travel through blood sample analysis

Space and time from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:20pm
The human body undergoes various transformations in space. However, a direct examination of organs and tissues is challenging. This study successfully identified these changes inside the body by analyzing tiny quantities of DNA and RNA molecules released from various tissues into the bloodstream while the astronauts were on the International Space Station (ISS).
Categories: Science

A new study highlights potential of ultrafast laser processing for next-gen devices

Computers and Math from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:20pm
A new study uncovers the remarkable potential of ultrafast lasers that could provide innovative solutions in 2D materials processing for many technology developers such as high-speed photodetectors, flexible electronics, biohybrids, and next-generation solar cells.
Categories: Science

A new study highlights potential of ultrafast laser processing for next-gen devices

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:20pm
A new study uncovers the remarkable potential of ultrafast lasers that could provide innovative solutions in 2D materials processing for many technology developers such as high-speed photodetectors, flexible electronics, biohybrids, and next-generation solar cells.
Categories: Science

Study finds innovative cuffless blood pressure device streamlines and enhances hypertension management

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:20pm
A study evaluated a cuffless monitor that uses optical sensors to record blood pressure continually and efficiently, without disruption to the patient.
Categories: Science

Scientists discover high-risk form of endometrial cancer -- and how to test for it -- using AI

Computers and Math from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:20pm
A discovery promises to improve care for patients with endometrial cancer, the most common gynecologic malignancy. Using artificial intelligence (AI) to spot patterns across thousands of cancer cell images, the researchers have pinpointed a distinct subset of endometrial cancer that puts patients at much greater risk of recurrence and death, but would otherwise go unrecognized by traditional pathology and molecular diagnostics. The findings will help doctors identify patients with high-risk disease who could benefit from more comprehensive treatment.
Categories: Science

An optical lens that senses gas

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:20pm
A research team has developed a small optical lens, only a few millimeters in size, whose refractive behavior changes in the presence of gas. This 'intelligent' behavior of the micro-lens is enabled by the hybrid glass material from which it is made. The molecular structure of the lens consists of a three-dimensional lattice with cavities that can accommodate gas molecules, thereby affecting the optical properties of the material.
Categories: Science

Towards non-toxic antifouling agents: A novel method for total synthesis of scabrolide F

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:20pm
Norcembranolide diterpenes, isolated from the soft corals of the genus Sinularia, are important compounds for the development of new drugs, owing to their diverse biological activities. However, total synthesis methods for these compounds are scarce. Now, a team of researchers has achieved the total synthesis of scabrolide F, a norcembranolide diterpene. They also revealed its non-toxic antifouling properties. This novel method can lead to the development of new drugs and antifouling agents.
Categories: Science

Some landfill 'burps' contain airborne PFAS

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 12:20pm
Many municipal landfills 'burp' gas from decomposing organic matter rather than letting it build up. And burps from buried waste containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can release these 'forever chemicals' into the air, say researchers. Their study reports unexpectedly high levels of airborne PFAS at three landfills and demonstrates that vented gases and liquid by-products called leachates could transport similar amounts of these contaminants to the environment.
Categories: Science

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