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Towards room-temperature superconductivity: Insights into optical properties of bi-based copper-oxide superconductors

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Thu, 12/12/2024 - 9:01am
Copper-oxide (CuO2) superconductors, such as Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+ (Bi2212), have unusually high critical temperatures. Optical reflectivity measurements of Bi2212 have shown that it exhibits strong optical anisotropy. However, this has not been studied through optical transmittance measurements, which can offer more direct insights into bulk properties. Now, researchers have elucidated the origin of this optical anisotropy through ultraviolet and visible light transmittance measurements of lead-doped Bi2212 single crystals, enabling a more precise investigation into its superconductivity mechanisms.
Categories: Science

Smallest molecular machine: Reversible sliding motion in ammonium-linked ferrocene

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Thu, 12/12/2024 - 9:01am
Ferrocene is a key molecule for developing molecular machines. However, it readily decomposes on the surface of flat noble metal substrates, marking a significant challenge. Now researchers have stabilized ferrocene by linking it with ammonium salts and trapping them in a molecular film made up of cyclic crown ether molecules. The ammonium-linked molecule performs reversible lateral sliding motion upon the application of electrical voltage, representing the smallest molecular machine.
Categories: Science

Researcher discovers new technique for infrared 'color' detection and imaging

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Thu, 12/12/2024 - 8:58am
A researcher has developed a new technique to detect long wave infrared (LWIR) photons of different wavelengths or 'colors.' The new detection and imaging technique will have applications in analyzing materials by their spectral properties, or spectroscopic imaging, as well as thermal imaging applications.
Categories: Science

Molecular interactions: Spirals and waves

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Thu, 12/12/2024 - 8:58am
Non-reciprocal interactions can increase the order in an active system. The researchers created a model to describe the emerging patterns depending on the amount of non-reciprocity in an active system.
Categories: Science

Researchers 3D print compact, low-cost vortex beam generators

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Thu, 12/12/2024 - 8:58am
Researchers have developed a 3D-printed device that generates twisting light beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM), a form of rotational energy that can carry more data than regular beams.
Categories: Science

Researchers develop new methods to generate and improve magnetism of 2D materials

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Thu, 12/12/2024 - 8:58am
Researchers have unlocked a new method for producing one class of 2D material and for supercharging its magnetic properties.
Categories: Science

Artificial intelligence improves mammography-based risk prediction

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Thu, 12/12/2024 - 8:56am
The future of breast cancer screening and risk-reducing strategies is being shaped by artificial intelligence (AI), according to a recent review article.
Categories: Science

Researchers uncover strong light-matter interactions in quantum spin liquids

Matter and energy from Science Daily Feed - Thu, 12/12/2024 - 8:56am
Theoretical physicists along with an experimental team have found evidence of a quantum spin liquid in a material known as pyrochlore cerium stannate. They achieved this by combining state-of-the-art experimental techniques, including neutron scattering at extremely low temperatures, with theoretical analysis. By measuring the way in which neutrons interact magnetically with the electron spin in pyrochlore, the researchers observed the collective excitations of spins interacting strongly with light-like waves.
Categories: Science

Readers’ wildlife photos

Why Evolution is True Feed - Thu, 12/12/2024 - 6:15am

Wildlife photos return today, but I have precious few batches in the tank. If you got ’em, please send ’em, lest this feature disappear.

Today UC Davis mathematician Abby Thompson, who survived cancelation, is back with pictures of California tide pools. Abby’s captions are indented, and you can enlarge the photos by clicking on them.

November-December tidepools (Northern California).  The weather at the coast over the Thanksgiving weekend was spectacular- sunny, warm, with no wind; perfect for poking around in the tide pools.    As usual I got help with some of the IDs from people on inaturalist.

Mussel-covered rock (probably Mytilus californianus); I liked the pattern made on the sand as the tide retreated:

Calliostoma ligatum (blue-ringed top snail):

Eupentacta quinquesemita (stiff-footed sea cucumber) Probably; it’s a little hard to tell with sea cucumbers. This one was a couple of inches long.

Hemigrapsus nudus (Purple shore crab). This is one of the most common crabs on this stretch of shore.   This one was small (maybe 2” across the back) but testy, apparently ready to take me on:

Dendronotus subramosus (nudibranch). Nudibranchs are often scarce at this time of year, but the calm sea seems to have brought them out:

Phidiana hiltoni (nudibranch) Posing for the camera:

Anthopleura artemisia (moonglow anemone). I’ve posted a few pictures of this species.   The color varies so much that they all look quite different.   I’ve never seen one that’s blue before; it was striking next to the brilliant orange sponge:

Hermissenda opalescens: (nudibranch):

Cervus canadensis nannodes (Tule elk) from tiny creatures to large (although this species is small for elk). This picture is from Point Reyes National Seashore, where there’s a reserve.    A short, highly recommended hike takes you to where the elk can be found wandering about:

Tomales Point at sunset, as the tide was beginning to turn:

Camera info:  Mostly Olympus TG-7, in microscope mode, pictures taken from above the water.    The last two pictures were taken with my iphone.

Categories: Science

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